mmacentralafricanrepublic.com

Issued by Let's Encrypt Authority X3

About this certificate

This digital certificate with serial number 03:83:a3:4e:48:e1:6b:ae:b7:4c:31:e2:5f:19:ca:13:a5:89 was issued on by Let's Encrypt.

This certificate has already expired and will cause a warning or error message in the browser it's still listed on this site to allow you to look back on previously issued certificates. If we have found any compliance issues with this certificate they will be shown below. I hope this certificate review is providing you the detailed information in a simple form you where looking for.


We have idenified some issues with this certificate:
  • Subscriber Certificate: commonName is deprecated. (BRs: 7.1.4.2.2)

Certificate Subject

CN=mmacentralafricanrepublic.com

Let's Encrypt

Organization: Let's Encrypt
Country: US

This certificate has expire since

Certificate Details

Serial Number (hex): 03:83:a3:4e:48:e1:6b:ae:b7:4c:31:e2:5f:19:ca:13:a5:89
Serial Number (int): 306130918502584739800783974816042393511305
Serial Number lenght: 138 bits, 18 octets

SubjectKeyId: 19:2c:af:05:f6:7f:a7:9f:6c:7f:78:92:f6:88:86:8e:e0:19:64:48
AuthorityKeyId: a8:4a:6a:63:04:7d:dd:ba:e6:d1:39:b7:a6:45:65:ef:f3:a8:ec:a1

Fingerprint (sha1): 80:d3:37:40:a4:eb:26:1c:1d:ba:75:58:0f:0a:c7:8b:a2:28:5f:29
Fingerprint (sha256): 35:23:79:66:ad:cb:eb:b5:9f:0d:f0:67:3c:43:cc:7c:db:aa:45:98:26:bc:a3:94:85:42:8e:04:23:ec:ab:4b

Issuing Certificate URL: http://cert.int-x3.letsencrypt.org/

Revocation information

OCSP Server: http://ocsp.int-x3.letsencrypt.org

Check the revocation status for certificate mmacentralafricanrepublic.com

1

DNS Names

0

Email Addresses

0

IP Addresses

Advanced Certificate Properties

Tehnical certificate details for mmacentralafricanrepublic.com

Public Key Algorithm

RSA

Key Size

4096

Signature Algorithm

SHA256 with RSA

Key Usage

Digital Signature
Key Encipherment

Extended Key Usages

Server Authentication
Client Authentication

Extensions

9 extensions
No unhandled critical extensions

CA Certificate

This is not a CA certificate

Subject Alternative Names

mmacentralafricanrepublic.com

Other certificates including the domain name mmacentralafricanrepublic.com

(limited to 100 certificates)

Certificate

The complete raw certificate details for mmacentralafricanrepublic.com in PEM and ASN.1 format.

Certificate (PEM)

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Public Key (PEM)

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----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-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

ASN.1 decoded

 [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 2
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 306130918502584739800783974816042393511305
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.6 (countryName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'US'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.10 (organizationName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt Authority X3'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2019-09-03 15:11:48 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2019-12-02 15:11:48 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'mmacentralafricanrepublic.com'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 (rsaEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (4208 bits)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 942773053310721404965246694283514254437486987088952317127739546815610962082332797333078632079299314238371589667091435757197140900109376830906572102531995355066659312349830984220123841175254866180389850893816537987692826134066704906868426296066258577611977492554290600179659977679281292989166275298792250340168882486098010540670110638023052454221634513624794183422262516942272356061121695891118650499545590513565509180565279038977202652135297142393083465185912239776577407025031142189491627640348228914734312050490943626534155790060621940534423756357370104210953484378169714415085276736927669772045667789468714662356972774464957683861329050331516406323459358123673337108933300025863882923965872710880681915049751903142233471704998916808601447717257229792957743874754720069665572681025290650734454103999945864393682287386919655771121058845199827855076020410993161597486540815260523861334110099212282026646307862930971851133170141624003420900470717253392211928793202602772027295701480598928101177520476857583877701470111846319941603143062799631960460743106073124354682550019741810746174313867918544979388210543051352277331700275343945020869920354288501245952757451207641370477343031707659719129292604606909912629253752709769147077327881
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 65537

 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:3|true] ORAddress 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.15 (keyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (4 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (3 bits)
							05a0
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.37 (extKeyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 (serverAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 (clientAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.19 (basicConstraints)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (2 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.14 (subjectKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (20 bytes)
							192caf05f67fa79f6c7f7892f688868ee0196448
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.35 (authorityKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (24 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|false] OtherName a84a6a63047dddbae6d139b7a64565eff3a8eca1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1 (authorityInfoAccess)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (99 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1 (ocsp)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://ocsp.int-x3.letsencrypt.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.2 (caIssuers)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://cert.int-x3.letsencrypt.org/'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.17 (subjectAltName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (33 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'mmacentralafricanrepublic.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.32 (certificatePolicies)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (69 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.23.140.1.2.1 (Domain Validation Certificates Policy)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.44947.1.1.1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.2.1 (cps)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:22|false] IA5String 'http://cps.letsencrypt.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.4.2
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (245 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (242 bytes)
							00f0007500e2694bae26e8e94009e8861bb63b83d43ee7fe7488fba48f2893019dddf1dbfe0000016cf7e57e9e0000040300463044022056dfbaccda185cbbc82628088cea8bde9255517137ad9c23027297282703f39a0220717cdb75750a9821a97ee1c6301eae3114810a7272e32dc08963ee0ef2959b04007700293c519654c83965baaa50fc5807d4b76fbf587a2972dca4c30cf4e54547f4780000016cf7e57e8e000004030048304602210098f4500ee20ef243622cabf705da96e872e1c86a1907cb4b51393a1fef3a8e5c022100ba57014104dd7a4113e65b7d804fb822bd0e998571836c5a658879177df188d4
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2048 bits)
		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