www.massima.org

Issued by Let's Encrypt Authority X3

About this certificate

This digital certificate with serial number 03:e3:bd:a7:7b:30:86:4b:c0:d7:89:10:5c:17:f1:56:4e:32 was issued on by Let's Encrypt.

This certificate has already expired and will cause a warning or error message in the browser it's still listed on this site to allow you to look back on previously issued certificates. If we have found any compliance issues with this certificate they will be shown below. I hope this certificate review is providing you the detailed information in a simple form you where looking for.


We have idenified some issues with this certificate:
  • Subscriber Certificate: commonName is deprecated. (BRs: 7.1.4.2.2)

Certificate Subject

CN=www.massima.org

Let's Encrypt

Organization: Let's Encrypt
Country: US

This certificate has expire since

Certificate Details

Serial Number (hex): 03:e3:bd:a7:7b:30:86:4b:c0:d7:89:10:5c:17:f1:56:4e:32
Serial Number (int): 338833048789693391183513491390348737793586
Serial Number lenght: 138 bits, 18 octets

SubjectKeyId: 44:d7:1d:36:48:c1:31:38:78:0a:d3:79:d1:a2:7a:11:af:94:ea:95
AuthorityKeyId: a8:4a:6a:63:04:7d:dd:ba:e6:d1:39:b7:a6:45:65:ef:f3:a8:ec:a1

Fingerprint (sha1): f1:13:04:4a:9e:db:6f:b8:5a:25:92:f2:9a:83:e9:fc:54:98:aa:2b
Fingerprint (sha256): 40:e4:50:0e:89:a3:e0:71:a3:d3:ea:e8:a8:09:9b:15:95:12:5a:cf:a8:5e:f8:70:96:ce:41:e4:57:ee:d8:04

Issuing Certificate URL: http://cert.int-x3.letsencrypt.org/

Revocation information

OCSP Server: http://ocsp.int-x3.letsencrypt.org

Check the revocation status for certificate www.massima.org

1

DNS Names

0

Email Addresses

0

IP Addresses

Advanced Certificate Properties

Tehnical certificate details for www.massima.org

Public Key Algorithm

RSA

Key Size

4096

Signature Algorithm

SHA256 with RSA

Key Usage

Digital Signature
Key Encipherment

Extended Key Usages

Server Authentication
Client Authentication

Extensions

9 extensions
No unhandled critical extensions

CA Certificate

This is not a CA certificate

Subject Alternative Names

www.massima.org

Other certificates including the domain name massima.org

(limited to 100 certificates)
www.massima.org
massima.org
www.massima.org
massima.org
massima.org
www.massima.org
massima.org
www.massima.org
www.947.me
massima.org
www.massima.org
massima.org
massima.org
www.massima.org
massima.org

Certificate

The complete raw certificate details for www.massima.org in PEM and ASN.1 format.

Certificate (PEM)

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Public Key (PEM)

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----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-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

ASN.1 decoded

 [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 2
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 338833048789693391183513491390348737793586
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.6 (countryName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'US'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.10 (organizationName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt Authority X3'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2019-06-25 20:12:14 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2019-09-23 20:12:14 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'www.massima.org'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 (rsaEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (4208 bits)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 877204284691031872378885323302087303872047864475020837774787266234537257851221556712098460589302510571567140732341001601486324776684014470151012358932981399980795030701179280638965706883433007434882389926473643857413518733441783212752055862134985859148694796740586327676938656373838960591486392106494563053168721801314753227489125134964294629349795297583294535942914475279366900209857334760293165667487126537951998987548700358459291456017267032923196889351626871929054236707062539599253047438803531632045722430478982055676397309512010908708674524073701522326765772799395670650353959578135957698153802872018659713511221715754085442648541990725355743866090177505906736101715123420856257343703593571478496728465759174763891082085465480920755470343708162560705137634676765329629403473177350414752714907862122833105120474884250501560294415780847719297054551460168779266564014080075434148922941480623083607864810368666206370344185700159668720943934967973959544858960890274460972593978125232232856625954493017856969362046330313590691385488223028330908514354865834186019296017421694303841365290696683307271202404433438190462266695774324706869188902051229977189827759493255707818843325543801117669197964968539409166119697678569261738845186439
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 65537

 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:3|true] ORAddress 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.15 (keyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (4 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (3 bits)
							05a0
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.37 (extKeyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 (serverAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 (clientAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.19 (basicConstraints)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (2 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.14 (subjectKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (20 bytes)
							44d71d3648c13138780ad379d1a27a11af94ea95
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.35 (authorityKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (24 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|false] OtherName a84a6a63047dddbae6d139b7a64565eff3a8eca1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1 (authorityInfoAccess)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (99 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1 (ocsp)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://ocsp.int-x3.letsencrypt.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.2 (caIssuers)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://cert.int-x3.letsencrypt.org/'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.17 (subjectAltName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (19 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'www.massima.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.32 (certificatePolicies)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (69 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.23.140.1.2.1 (Domain Validation Certificates Policy)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.44947.1.1.1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.2.1 (cps)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:22|false] IA5String 'http://cps.letsencrypt.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.4.2
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (243 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (240 bytes)
							00ee007500747eda8331ad331091219cce254f4270c2bffd5e422008c6373579e6107bcc560000016b907b64040000040300463044022065c1c7cd38964db26533e720f4037744a24d6e8df02698b2a690d0138ac24a010220306d316aaf60046a1add25a569fe07a2ffe8f8423df2939bfb76153e2c67a918007500293c519654c83965baaa50fc5807d4b76fbf587a2972dca4c30cf4e54547f4780000016b907b64100000040300463044022069f7287ebc99f735f52337be41c63d9c6e0e8d60a746d61a32838dec6e787f1c02205eb95327870229ae8bb79d408a7fd4c4be4d4761357271ab6b74b4794abc81a6
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2048 bits)
		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