www.sonicintegration.com

Issued by Let's Encrypt Authority X3

About this certificate

This digital certificate with serial number 04:80:0d:c4:15:2a:ad:fe:39:98:dd:ed:ab:75:63:40:70:c9 was issued on by Let's Encrypt.

With 2 subject alternative names this certificate can be used to secure multiple fqdn's. This certificate has already expired and will cause a warning or error message in the browser it's still listed on this site to allow you to look back on previously issued certificates. If we have found any compliance issues with this certificate they will be shown below. I hope this certificate review is providing you the detailed information in a simple form you where looking for.


We have idenified some issues with this certificate:
  • Subscriber Certificate: commonName is deprecated. (BRs: 7.1.4.2.2)

Certificate Subject

CN=www.sonicintegration.com

Let's Encrypt

Organization: Let's Encrypt
Country: US

This certificate has expire since

Certificate Details

Serial Number (hex): 04:80:0d:c4:15:2a:ad:fe:39:98:dd:ed:ab:75:63:40:70:c9
Serial Number (int): 392023584776362619390506731374128192843977
Serial Number lenght: 139 bits, 18 octets

SubjectKeyId: c4:c9:17:a9:70:1d:3e:6c:b5:44:b9:db:b7:fe:4d:90:ec:b0:f7:69
AuthorityKeyId: a8:4a:6a:63:04:7d:dd:ba:e6:d1:39:b7:a6:45:65:ef:f3:a8:ec:a1

Fingerprint (sha1): 13:8c:eb:4b:c6:bf:9c:8f:aa:6e:03:a0:91:32:27:ec:a9:2e:08:2d
Fingerprint (sha256): c4:ba:92:e9:f6:d3:90:82:06:5d:73:f4:9e:56:68:da:0e:dc:dc:a3:12:4c:b9:58:98:18:51:a8:ee:25:e4:17

Issuing Certificate URL: http://cert.int-x3.letsencrypt.org/

Revocation information

OCSP Server: http://ocsp.int-x3.letsencrypt.org

Check the revocation status for certificate www.sonicintegration.com

2

DNS Names

0

Email Addresses

0

IP Addresses

Advanced Certificate Properties

Tehnical certificate details for www.sonicintegration.com

Public Key Algorithm

RSA

Key Size

2048

Signature Algorithm

SHA256 with RSA

Key Usage

Digital Signature
Key Encipherment

Extended Key Usages

Server Authentication
Client Authentication

Extensions

9 extensions
No unhandled critical extensions

CA Certificate

This is not a CA certificate

Subject Alternative Names

sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com

Other certificates including the domain name sonicintegration.com

(limited to 100 certificates)
sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com
www.sonicintegration.com

Certificate

The complete raw certificate details for www.sonicintegration.com in PEM and ASN.1 format.

Certificate (PEM)

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Public Key (PEM)

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4sOIZMXEK85W7gsQAJHu
45Jb0nhCmo3cD79okQYL3sNtWrbTw0ab9RPATO5rChIHnrKogzll0S86savjpRWj
QnrdRfPxxp5vQ9et6Fuly3LVjJx8QJ5Ujoh3NpT4xNDu8d5ZLhRKAMT83ueMCtl+
setyat/bhbibvpDQeTmKJp5/Hxz2ctDDF/IGfFztSpp32xw1w8UVdoYA9C7AZjbx
NGOzMgKATxGjsVw9phDA0v18ORF5okOPz+thyrpLTpcICWBAhoAGuPDlJe4Gge3s
n07L1i15gD+58L70ztHz63sqNegr7X5+Z2nVJf88zmE5/jS8iH8qIl3TqNEYG+GW
uwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

ASN.1 decoded

 [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 2
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 392023584776362619390506731374128192843977
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.6 (countryName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'US'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.10 (organizationName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt Authority X3'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2018-07-13 10:47:45 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2018-10-11 10:47:45 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'www.sonicintegration.com'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 (rsaEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2160 bits)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 28626277733580545294633645296142157579541538362035543129168871225022119309012115759514500978697923444457628638226934084311019383488480365281147201117470192968649768437184324932685097612764205818641054631443814694236084325311143302542279906547246875693114032473516696661243155971649579842833348021585331600388508193702930342856277982703730957334822488363283312247818437633427742827350613370359211918016654186404621770912868915186848620598633528805861676518136521753677030945999402497386206114361823209481009310937980977996398295224771398748656447756404786842024828112195260744196431835634640163355532756544378162484923
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 65537

 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:3|true] ORAddress 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.15 (keyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (4 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (3 bits)
							05a0
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.37 (extKeyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 (serverAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 (clientAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.19 (basicConstraints)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (2 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.14 (subjectKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (20 bytes)
							c4c917a9701d3e6cb544b9dbb7fe4d90ecb0f769
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.35 (authorityKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (24 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|false] OtherName a84a6a63047dddbae6d139b7a64565eff3a8eca1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1 (authorityInfoAccess)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (99 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1 (ocsp)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://ocsp.int-x3.letsencrypt.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.2 (caIssuers)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://cert.int-x3.letsencrypt.org/'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.17 (subjectAltName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (50 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'sonicintegration.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'www.sonicintegration.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.32 (certificatePolicies)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (246 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.23.140.1.2.1 (Domain Validation Certificates Policy)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.44947.1.1.1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.2.1 (cps)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:22|false] IA5String 'http://cps.letsencrypt.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.2.2 (unotice)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:12|false] UTF8String 'This Certificate may only be relied upon by Relying Parties and only in accordance with the Certificate Policy found at https://letsencrypt.org/repository/'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.4.2
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (244 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (241 bytes)
							00ef007600293c519654c83965baaa50fc5807d4b76fbf587a2972dca4c30cf4e54547f478000001649377e5d500000403004730450220781c5bd05df5067b03828b9946bd12eb67ebf32bf984852b077a4041de971b070221008a4f8e3fc73cd4d0a0ab326d0bbe296ee13198d8ded728346996bce32247e884007500db74afeecb29ecb1feca3e716d2ce5b9aabb36f7847183c75d9d4f37b61fbf64000001649377ea87000004030046304402201ae1728a1d7f6c6b3be8b61a377fa867b94dd83c2e27ec2a208fbdb059575a0f0220779258a4389f085f1cbeb84ba901281aadcd7505158ed4fa2eb9faf1089a0b71
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2048 bits)
		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