shadi.one

Issued by R3

About this certificate

This digital certificate with serial number 04:12:3c:be:6d:4a:ce:ee:6f:a9:46:c0:97:61:bc:ae:80:38 was issued on by Let's Encrypt.

With 16 subject alternative names this certificate can be used to secure multiple fqdn's. This certificate is currently not expired, we haven't checked the revocation status of this certificate but you can do this simply on revocationcheck.com. If we have found any compliance issues with this certificate they will be shown below. I hope this certificate review is providing you the detailed information in a simple form you where looking for.


We have idenified some issues with this certificate:
  • DV certificate contains a subject common name, this is not recommended. If certificate policy 2.23.140.1.2.1 (CA/B BR domain validated) is included, only country and/or common name is allowed in SubjectDN. (BRs: 7.1.2.7.2)
  • Subscriber certificates use of Subject Key Identifier is NOT RECOMMENDED (BRs v2: 7.1.2.7.6)
  • Subscriber Certificate: commonName is NOT RECOMMENDED. (BRs: 7.1.2.7.1)

Certificate Subject

CN=shadi.one

Let's Encrypt

Organization: Let's Encrypt
Country: US

This certificate will expire on

Certificate Details

Serial Number (hex): 04:12:3c:be:6d:4a:ce:ee:6f:a9:46:c0:97:61:bc:ae:80:38
Serial Number (int): 354654968764477668486221170308107125817400
Serial Number lenght: 139 bits, 18 octets

SubjectKeyId: 30:53:f5:2b:99:59:75:bd:c7:01:dd:0e:2a:c0:af:1d:fb:26:6b:85
AuthorityKeyId: 14:2e:b3:17:b7:58:56:cb:ae:50:09:40:e6:1f:af:9d:8b:14:c2:c6

Fingerprint (sha1): 46:1a:0c:01:4b:ba:95:58:47:66:7a:b4:ca:e0:36:43:7f:1d:a2:00
Fingerprint (sha256): e8:2c:12:92:70:13:81:00:b3:53:08:63:6b:e5:4d:a1:e3:27:aa:02:1d:d8:3e:91:b6:53:37:2a:90:3f:0e:49

Issuing Certificate URL: http://r3.i.lencr.org/

Revocation information

OCSP Server: http://r3.o.lencr.org

Check the revocation status for certificate shadi.one

16

DNS Names

0

Email Addresses

0

IP Addresses

Advanced Certificate Properties

Tehnical certificate details for shadi.one

Public Key Algorithm

RSA

Key Size

2048

Signature Algorithm

SHA256 with RSA

Key Usage

Digital Signature
Key Encipherment

Extended Key Usages

Server Authentication
Client Authentication

Extensions

9 extensions
No unhandled critical extensions

CA Certificate

This is not a CA certificate

Subject Alternative Names

adept.systems
agentsurvival.com
ajmerdental.in
clickaffiliates.com
hilobedandbreakfast.com
houstonbitcoinmeetup.com
indoredentist.in
internet.restaurant
logistikausa.com
mastodon.tel
productprofitsclubhouse.com
shadi.one
shockrebuilding.com
taxoutsourcing.com
theperfectcupbystewart.com
trentonschumann.com

Other certificates including the domain name shadi.one

(limited to 100 certificates)

Certificate

The complete raw certificate details for shadi.one in PEM and ASN.1 format.

Certificate (PEM)

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Public Key (PEM)

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA0NETuzQyJ4AbxwmC6g3Z
fkNCud04uYju/2hoX/Eyzc79jz1EMbFGgZ0iSCUSn3RRmLhSQUKKTB4FckT4oVvs
x2kDHRaOsG8d7RK7Y39EbylhEeLtCNqGMiQuApTYu+x4huIxT1wGTBCkp2Tadzgf
4bZGN1sHFSNZKS/8B4RSRSeRUFjASgH5631g6Xo+UTe/homnR62s0j6T0tOQhfjX
h7FDWIlm7dZ/i46s1ewh3dLlqj2Po4RHxmWDXwNKX68RplMhguKc/rkXdWn42NNe
H/ujq9AK8TvBz63FS6Pfu7+MSmq6sCjYziEW6VezkzIDijTzWXXQM6fDCwJYyTVt
XQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

ASN.1 decoded

 [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 2
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 354654968764477668486221170308107125817400
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.6 (countryName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'US'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.10 (organizationName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Let's Encrypt'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'R3'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2024-05-09 09:58:58 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2024-08-07 09:58:57 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'shadi.one'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 (rsaEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2160 bits)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 26360667181328517978219877921892675182638567578150915488542404322820941322047524483936698614118868181269053375055694058179106935399568739182119678905241955850490937059020109413778212086078664876755080595746946818026960599981323599235666337179969609984936074747685350227555265177306966435729756184832669794237317307182353502300393382087844529386644525646045223471270259661844725890694926046112768285095125591056603529829612626692531587466483615144353583194837411854720744995163493936883826669870312020862593802140923272636174638303961836303624610025868498233668282540648914908195903799780266185865386585775805163728221
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 65537

 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:3|true] ORAddress 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.15 (keyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (4 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (3 bits)
							05a0
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.37 (extKeyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 (serverAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 (clientAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.19 (basicConstraints)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (2 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.14 (subjectKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (20 bytes)
							3053f52b995975bdc701dd0e2ac0af1dfb266b85
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.35 (authorityKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (24 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|false] OtherName 142eb317b75856cbae500940e61faf9d8b14c2c6
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1 (authorityInfoAccess)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (73 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1 (ocsp)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://r3.o.lencr.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.2 (caIssuers)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://r3.i.lencr.org/'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.17 (subjectAltName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (327 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'adept.systems'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'agentsurvival.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'ajmerdental.in'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'clickaffiliates.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'hilobedandbreakfast.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'houstonbitcoinmeetup.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'indoredentist.in'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'internet.restaurant'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'logistikausa.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'mastodon.tel'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'productprofitsclubhouse.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'shadi.one'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'shockrebuilding.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'taxoutsourcing.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'theperfectcupbystewart.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'trentonschumann.com'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.32 (certificatePolicies)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (12 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.23.140.1.2.1 (Domain Validation Certificates Policy)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.4.2
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (244 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (241 bytes)
							00ef0076003f174b4fd7224758941d651c84be0d12ed90377f1f856aebc1bf2885ecf8646e0000018f5d019e80000004030047304502210082beac434a15a18fcbdc1c7ff90c0164cec0b75685b5123dc030d4db73c8205e02202cf4e94443b0f3f4a0313e9c749f6e4c5f5acb4188ede5bd8fec71e33f5a4080007500eecdd064d5db1acec55cb79db4cd13a23287467cbcecdec351485946711fb59b0000018f5d019e88000004030046304402205a35673a5ffcf601c95136eaa380d3c33a373441fccce3c7b97ca84c2a65113f02206b300966b46c6c665fd870ef8bf2b8ab7f467c8f5618de9ab7eef82d4ee9e3c6
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 (sha256WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2048 bits)
		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