pwm.umhelena.edu

- The University of Montana -

Issued by InCommon Server CA

About this certificate

This digital certificate with serial number 84:94:27:ec:65:cc:d4:60:31:16:fd:0b:13:a8:46:f1 was issued on by Internet2.

This certificate has already expired and will cause a warning or error message in the browser it's still listed on this site to allow you to look back on previously issued certificates. If we have found any compliance issues with this certificate they will be shown below. I hope this certificate review is providing you the detailed information in a simple form you where looking for.


We have idenified some issues with this certificate:
  • Subscriber Certificate: commonName is deprecated. (BRs: 7.1.4.2.2)

The University of Montana

Organization: The University of Montana
Organization unit: Helena College
State / Province: MT
Locality: Missoula
Country: US

Internet2

Organization: Internet2
Organization unit: InCommon
Country: US

This certificate has expire since

Certificate Details

Serial Number (hex): 84:94:27:ec:65:cc:d4:60:31:16:fd:0b:13:a8:46:f1
Serial Number (int): 176227365121998555269131579948010063601
Serial Number lenght: 128 bits, 16 octets

SubjectKeyId: 56:a8:6c:cc:c0:ec:13:44:0f:54:07:3c:2f:50:5f:05:c6:40:99:ec
AuthorityKeyId: 48:4f:5a:fa:2f:4a:9a:5e:e0:50:f3:6b:7b:55:a5:de:f5:be:34:5d

Fingerprint (sha1): 47:33:31:75:6e:70:7b:34:87:a2:49:3b:22:cf:50:2f:4f:e6:3e:d0
Fingerprint (sha256): f7:fd:ce:6a:33:8e:3c:46:9a:c5:28:4d:4f:b6:c8:ba:58:b0:06:b7:61:6a:6d:bc:7c:a6:4f:2c:d6:a6:82:3f

Issuing Certificate URL: http://cert.incommon.org/InCommonServerCA.crt

Revocation information

OCSP Server: http://ocsp.incommon.org
CRL Distribution Point: http://crl.incommon.org/InCommonServerCA.crl

Check the revocation status for certificate pwm.umhelena.edu

1

DNS Names

0

Email Addresses

0

IP Addresses

Advanced Certificate Properties

Tehnical certificate details for pwm.umhelena.edu

Public Key Algorithm

RSA

Key Size

2048

Signature Algorithm

SHA1 with RSA

Key Usage

Digital Signature
Key Encipherment

Extended Key Usages

Server Authentication
Client Authentication

Extensions

9 extensions
No unhandled critical extensions

CA Certificate

This is not a CA certificate

Subject Alternative Names

pwm.umhelena.edu

Other certificates including the domain name umhelena.edu

(limited to 100 certificates)

Certificate

The complete raw certificate details for pwm.umhelena.edu in PEM and ASN.1 format.

Certificate (PEM)

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Public Key (PEM)

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAlzskNHvc5Y+lYLWfeL5T
W6y92BkKqInvdCiFemGXAxnB4FcMbMt/5iFylUMWo9z2Hn8Eg5uSdzwM6ou0MLfg
Nlwi2X5J0Qt/nDOX1iYg/MzChGFILTl1yQrWmuanyeIhXwqVJq+Pi6lI+ztA8Y5+
2NwLYj2sgdkf0CdtYxhnGlLAME1w3nS+9UpRsD0CKe0jVFqqd2qXk2WETJLZNBfu
BlnAtpBJxOIDLTLLFw7dMmFFNRMRRdEnUZMZc9RiQOgnysCuqQgAgZZlSuLod166
w0aLK+7/5bgSlkgaAjQ2fyA9VFNY0oDtSZktumKF+0uZM/OYb0zI5hrrJe4ikjpO
cQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

ASN.1 decoded

 [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 2
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 176227365121998555269131579948010063601
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5 (sha1WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.6 (countryName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'US'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.10 (organizationName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Internet2'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.11 (organizationalUnitName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'InCommon'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'InCommon Server CA'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2012-10-11 00:00:00 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:23|false] UTCTime 2014-10-11 23:59:59 +0000 UTC
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.6 (countryName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'US'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.8 (stateOrProvinceName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'MT'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.7 (localityName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Missoula'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.10 (organizationName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'The University of Montana'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.11 (organizationalUnitName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'Helena College'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:17|true] SET, SET OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.4.3 (commonName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:19|false] PrintableString 'pwm.umhelena.edu'
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.1 (rsaEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2160 bits)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 19091147773903353973157862072134385747019804442669873563983581880606992081749591955518526040859475074839346196083534748881115414462011407978725015828700945974023196352913002221549522967756251526768961536803722493815650651620243251771448054878965059274369653007702660448652265309067582254097444593242923368477707877914652245307937770974456394051701794040281392860392520532268798364915454434527596655995690570043781837421886605410363865288959287267521125742856230774326582497208152930227898503748154928615300783069708707092542748993639632477058998241767403525107199426474948278607445719317449897135537615330707804671601
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:2|false] INTEGER 65537

 . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:3|true] ORAddress 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.35 (authorityKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (24 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|false] OtherName 484f5afa2f4a9a5ee050f36b7b55a5def5be345d
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.14 (subjectKeyIdentifier)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (20 bytes)
							56a86cccc0ec13440f54073c2f505f05c64099ec
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.15 (keyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (4 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (3 bits)
							05a0
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.19 (basicConstraints)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:1|false] BOOLEAN true
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (2 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.37 (extKeyUsage)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (22 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 (serverAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 (clientAuth)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.32 (certificatePolicies)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (86 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.4.1.5923.1.4.3.1.1
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.2.1 (cps)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:22|false] IA5String 'https://www.incommon.org/cert/repository/cps_ssl.pdf'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.31 (cRLDistributionPoints)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (54 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:0|true] OtherName 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://crl.incommon.org/InCommonServerCA.crl'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1 (authorityInfoAccess)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (99 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.2 (caIssuers)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://cert.incommon.org/InCommonServerCA.crt'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1 (ocsp)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:6|false] IA5String 'http://ocsp.incommon.org'
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 2.5.29.17 (subjectAltName)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:4|false] OCTET STRING (20 bytes)
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [c:2|t:2|false] IA5String 'pwm.umhelena.edu'
 . . . . [c:0|t:16|true] SEQUENCE, SEQUENCE OF 
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:6|false] OBJECT IDENTIFIER 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5 (sha1WithRSAEncryption)
 . . . . . . . . [c:0|t:5|false] NULL 
 . . . . [c:0|t:3|false] BIT STRING (2048 bits)
		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